I2P2 Injury & Illness Prevention Program
There
are six core elements to an effective safety program.
1.Management Leadership
2.Employee
Participation
3.Hazard Risk Assessment
4.Hazard Prevention and Control
5.Education and Training
6.Program Evaluation
Each element plays a critical role in the success or failure of the safety program and possibly the business itself.While all of the elements are important, it is crucial to have the company management giving full support of the safety effort. Management has the power to build a safety culture and it starts with a commitment to safety.
1. Management
Commitment
Write
a safety policy.
Apply the policy to all by following the safety policies.
Give
employees authority to stop jobs if they see unsafe acts.
Budget
time for safety. Have a daily short safety reminder meeting before the start of each shift.
Act
on recommendations of employees that perform the task.
Allow resources of time and money to provide proper
training.
$1
dollar invested in safety saves $3-6 dollars of cost.
Ask yourself "What
are they dealing with that I'm not?
Accountability
-must be clearly understood and encouraged. Managers must take responsibility
for safety. Employees in turn must have self accountability for their unsafe acts.
Development
of a safety culture that will correlate to success in business.
Create
a vision that employees will and must understand.
Safety must be measured
along with production.
Safety
must be a value. Safety efforts are encouraged and rewarded, but not just the
things that we can avoid like lost time accidents.
Safety
professional responsibility- communicate what needs to be done. Organization
determines the degree of power. Measure safety performance. Establish employee
and management measurements. Correlate injury reduction efforts with
operational goals. Encourage safety culture vs zero accidents
Management
Engagement -must take responsibility for failure. Managers must add safety as a
core issue that affects business growth. Senior management must instill safety. Everyone should establish a vision of safety excellence.
Servant
Leadership-help support the employees.
Demonstrate
Safety
Safety
in organizational meetings
Safety
goals
Engage
safety activities
Accountability
Safety is how we operate
Safety is owned by everyone
Employees are empowered
Visible symbols
Part of key organizational events
2. Worker
Participation
Benefits
Employee
engagement is a fundamental principle of leadership. It instills ownership and provides valuable
feedback for safety success and improvement.
Form a Safety
Committee.
Set requirements for membership to the committee (good attendance, no accidents)
Delineate
responsibilities
Set
goals
Meet
regularly (monthly is suggested)
Collect
safety suggestions and action points. Act on suggestions and document process. Take meeting minutes.
Form Incident
Investigation Teams
Accompany
supervisor or safety manager,analyze
the scene and recommend
corrective actions.
Encourage
co-workers to help build the safety culture in related issues. (Like not wearing safety glasses)
3. Hazard
Identification and Risk Assessment
A hazard
is the potential for harm.
A
Job Hazard Analysis is a technique that focuses on job task, the worker, the
tools and the work environment.
It is a proactive approach to prevent
injuries.
A way to develop proper
work procedures
Adds value to your bottom line by eliminating injury cost.
Benefits
Fewer
injuries
Reduce
workers compensation cost
Increase in productivity
Excellent training
tool to bring awareness of hazards.
Where
to start?
Talk
with employees
Review
incidents
Review
all jobs
Prioritize
to risk of exposure or injury
Hazard
determination
What
can go wrong?
What
are the consequences ?
How
could it arise?
Contributing
factors?
How
likely is it to occur?
Effective
Analysis
Where
is it happening?
Who
or what is it happening to?
What
precipitates the hazard?
The
outcome that would occur should it happen (consequence)?
Steps
of a JSA
Have
manager and employee break down the job in steps
For
each task:
What
can go wrong?
What
are the consequences?
How
could it happen?
How
likely is to happen?
Audit
Review quarterly or annually
Jobs change
Product change
Equipment change
People change
High frequency high severity jobs should be done first
Reporting Hazards
Include program requirements
Receive training on hazards
Carry out reporting
Safety committee
Management
Fellow employees
Management Responsibilities
Receive training
Direct hazard reporting process
Act on hazard reports
Provide resources to address hazards
Financial
Personal
Equipment
Document
Submission process
Track hazard reporting
Determine trends
Safety committee minutes
4. Hazard Prevention and Control
Corrective
Action
Identify
control method for hazards that have been identified.
Engineer the hazard out.
Administrative
controls to lower exposure.
Personal Protective Equipment as a last resort.
Engineering Controls
Install catwalks
Replace equipment
Prevention through design
Include safety guards
Eliminate hazards before they are created
Administrative Controls
Change the way it's done.
Rotate employees
Adjust work schedules
Personal
Protective Equipment
Hard
hat
Eye
Protection
Safety glasses
Goggles
Faceshield
Respiratory
protection
Hearing
protection
Safety
toe shoes
Gloves
Activities
Establish Emergency planning procedures
Preventive maintenance
High housekeeping standards
Document hazard control requirements
-lockout/tagout
-confined space
-fall protection
Post appropriate signage
5. Education and Training
Training
is a process, not an event.
Level
1-Compliance training
Select
the right environment
PowerPoint, DVD, Hands On, Visual
Problem
posing scenarios
Interaction
Role
playing
Click on this link to take you to our list of safety topics and free safety plans. Most of these topics will be applicable to your business.
6. Program Evaluation
Audits:
Lockout/tagout
Confined
Space Entry
Fall
Protection
Housekeeping
Annual
System Audit
Document
review
Facility
inspection
Employee
interviews
Assessment
Document
criteria
Set
up scoring system. Have they done:
0-nothing
on the topic
2-something
8-good,
but not complete
10-excellent
Shows
improvement or failing trends
Prioritize
deficiencies
Red-high
risk
Yellow-soon
Green-low
risk
Define
format
Define
audience of who receives report
Define
the frequency
Lagging Measures
Number of injuries
Injury rates
Near misses
Workers comp cost
Number of lost days
Number of restricted days
Number of first aid cases
Leading Measures
Number of audits
Deficiencies corrected
Number of behavioral audits
Percentage of safe behaviors
Safety improvement measures taken
Number of safety committee activities
Measuring failures do not tell the whole story. Use leading and lagging measures.
A Case for Investing in Safety
Injuries
and Illnesses cost industry $170 billion annually
$1
dollar invested in safety saves $3-6 dollars of cost.
Direct
Cost
Equipment
replacement
Medical
bills
Workers
compensation premiums
Settlements
Loss
of productivity
Damaged
product
Recovery
time and expense
Indirect
Cost
Company
image
Vendors
going elsewhere
Loss
of quality
Delays
in delivery
Collect
safety cost data
Create
a track record
Integrate
safety into operations
Lagging
Measures
Number
of injuries
Injury
rates
Near
misses
Workers
comp cost
Number
of lost days
Number
of restricted days
Number
of first aid cases
Leading
Measures
Number
of audits
Deficiencies
corrected
Number
of behavioral audits
Percentage
of safe behaviors
Safety
improvement measures taken
Number
of safety committee activities
Measuring
failures do not tell the whole story. Use leading and lagging measures.
Injury
Management
Determine
root causes
Determine
trends
Determine
preventive measures
Use
data to support request for improvement Involve employees
Reporting
All
injuries reported immediately
Train
employees on this requirement
Corrective
action if fail to do so
The
sooner you know the better.
Focus
Surface
cause
Root
cause
Avoid
blame
Categories
of Investigations
Near
miss
Property
damage
First
Aid
OSHA
recordable
Investigation
Team
Safety
Professional
Employees
doing the job
Supervisor
in that department
Safety
committee member
Goal
Who?
What?
Where?
When?
Why?
Ask
"Why" five times
Acts
vs conditions
90%
of injuries are due to unsafe behavior
Need
to dig deeper
Mitigation
Engineering
Administration
PPE
Communication
Injured
employees
Physician
Insurance
Carrier claims representative Management
Make
up a list of light duty task that could be performed.
Write
up a process for your system
Process
in Action
Accompany
the injured employee to the medical provider.
Obtain
physical restrictions documents
Maintain
communications
Manage
modified duty assignments
Culture
Change
Leadership
Employee
participation
Safe
work environment
Continuos
improvement
Cultural
integration
Priority
Value
Safety
is how we operate
Safety
is owned by everyone
Employees
are empowered
Visible
symbols
Make it part
of key organizational events
Are you ready to get started? Here is a link to help you to start writing a plan.
Meiners Medical and Safety " Making the World a Safer Place, One Company at a Time".
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